数据驱动的蒸散发遥感反演方法及产品研究进展     

刘萌  唐荣林  李召良  高懋芳  姚云军 《遥感学报》2021,25(8):1517-1537

蒸散发是水圈、大气圈和生物圈中水分循环和能量交换的纽带。在全球尺度上,蒸散发约占陆地降水总量的60%;作为其能量表达形式,潜热通量约占地表净辐射的80%。随着通量观测技术的发展,全球长期持续的观测数据得以获取和共享,近年来基于数据驱动的蒸散发遥感反演方法取得了较好的研究进展。本文针对数据驱动的蒸散发遥感反演方法和产品,从经验回归、机器学习和数据融合3个方面展开,对现有的研究进展进行了梳理、归纳和总结,并从驱动数据、反演方法、已有产品等方面指出目前仍存在的问题和不足。未来仍需开展数据驱动的高时空分辨率的蒸散发遥感反演方法的研究,有效考虑地表温度和土壤水分等可以指示地表蒸散发短期变化的重要信息,同时加强基于过程驱动的物理模型与数据驱动的模型的结合,使两类模型能互为补充、各自发挥所长,共同推动蒸散发遥感反演研究水平的进步。  相似文献   

GPS水准在西部库区确定高程控制点中的应用     

边志刚  曲萌 《测绘与空间地理信息》2021,44(8):176-178

在我国西部山区,受地形起伏影响,很难通过传统的几何水准连测方式获取固定点的正常高,全球定位系统(GPS)技术的发展,使得大地测量发生了一场技术革命,可以全天候、实时提供可靠的地球三维坐标、三维角速度和时间信息.GPS高程精度的核心是评估高程异常值的精度,本文通过西部库区布设GPS平高控制点,利用区域似大地水准面精化模型实现了应用GPS水准法获取了高精度的正常高,并通过外符合检核方式评估其精度达到四等几何水准精度要求.  相似文献   

地理国情监测遥感影像解译方法对比与分析     

赵莹  张宁  徐萌 《测绘与空间地理信息》2021,44(z1):103-105

随着社会经济的飞速发展,土地利用类型也在随之发生变化.若要合理开发利用土地,对其变化信息的提取和研究也就显得极其重要.现如今,我国大面积开展地理国情监测项目,其中普遍涉及利用遥感手段获取土地利用信息并监测其变化情况.本文围绕地理国情监测项目中常用的几种遥感影像解译方法进行对比和分析,并探讨其各自的优缺点.  相似文献   

Geological characteristics of the Sizhuang gold deposit in the region of Jiaodong, Shandong Province——A study on tectono-geochemical ore prospecting of ore deposits   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jianping Qian  Hongyi Chen  Yong Meng 《中国地球化学学报》2011,30(4):539-553

Tectono-geochemical samples were systematically collected from 5 drillcores along the No. 304 explora-tion line and at the -310 m level under the pit in the mining area, totalling 705 samples from the metamorphic rocks, granites, altered rocks and orebodies, and were determined for their contents of 20 kinds of elements including Au, Ag, As, Sb, Hg, Cu,,Pb, Zn, Sn, Bi, Mo, Co, Ni, Mn, Cr, V, Ti, Ba, Rb, Sr, etc. By using the Surfer software the geochemical exploration line profile maps for the 20 kinds of elements and the curves for the element geochemical contents of individual ore vein groups were established. In conbination with the geochemical map analytical method and Gregorian’s zoning index calculation method, the vertical, longitudinal and lateral zonation sequences of the elements were ascertained and the geochemical three-dimentional zonation model of the primary halos was estab-lished on the basis of the analysis of metallogenic structures and alteration zonation. Coupled with the results of analysis of the geology and geochemistry data, it may be concluded that the process of alteration of granites in the mining area is also accompanied with the process of gold enrichment and mineralization. With the intensification of alteration of granites from granite →potash feldspathization granite →sericite-quartz alteration granite, seric-ite-quartz rocks →beresitized granite, pyrite sericite-quartz rock, silicified granite →gold ore, the contents of thio-phile ore-forming elements such as Au, Ag, As, Cu, Bi, Mo, Pb, Sb, Hg, and Sn tended to increase. Factor analysis of trace elements indicated: factor F2 (Au, Ag, Cu, Sn, As) represents the element association brought in at the main stage of hydrothermal metallogenesis; factor F4 (Bi, Sb) and factor F5 (Pb, Zn) represent the ore-forming element association supperposed during the late stage of Au-bearing sulfides. By using the Gregorian’s zoning index and map analysis method we have ascertained the primary halo axial zonation sequence (form frontal halo →tail halo): Pb, Zn, Mn, Ba, Sr, Rb, As, Sb, Ag, Cu, Sn, Mo, Au, Bi, Hg, Ti, Cr, V, Ni, and Co. The geochemical anomalies in the mining area display a tendency of lateral plunging to WS, which is consistent with the lateral plunging of orebodies and mineralization alteration zone. Comprehensive analysis of the results of investigations on ore-controlling structures, mineralization-alteration zonation and geochemical zonation of the primary halos indicates that the gold orebodies in this area are still of greater extension.  相似文献   

2000国家大地坐标系在区域重力调查中应用探讨     

杨亚斌  韩革命  梁萌 《物探化探计算技术》2011,33(3):346-349,230

简要介绍了2000国家大地坐标系及其框架,分析了1954年北京坐标系在区域重力调查工作中存在的问题,并根据国家测绘局对于推广使用CGCS2000的政策要求,就区域重力调查工作中推广使用可能面临的问题进行了详细的论述,并探讨性地提出了在过渡期逐步实施CGCS2000坐标系的解决方案及建议.应极积采取有效方法,就有关CGC...  相似文献   

松辽盆地中央坳陷区深部咸水层二氧化碳储存潜力评价及其不确定性分析     

徐威  苏小四  杜尚海  杨国强  孟婧莹  高东燕 《第四纪研究》2011,31(3)

地质储存是减少CO2等温室气体向大气中人为排放的有效措施,深部咸水层是优先考虑的地下储存空间之一,准确评价CO2在深部成水层中的储存潜力是进行CO2地质储存研究的重要基础.本次研究以松辽盆地中央坳陷区深部咸水层为例,评价其储存CO2的潜力,并考虑储层物性参数的随机性,进行储存潜力的不确定分析.研究结果表明,中央坳陷区深部咸水层CO2地质储存理论潜力为5.34×10<'11>t,若考虑孔隙度不确定性,则储存潜力的随机分布区间为4.14×10<'11>-5.72×10<'11>t,且大于理论储存潜力值的概率约为58.3%,说明孔隙度的不确定性对储存潜力评价结果影响较大,在实际工程中应重点考虑这一问题.  相似文献   

武都汉林沟流域古滑坡年龄的14C厘定   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

吴玮江  叶伟林  孟兴民  王宗礼 《地球科学进展》2011,26(12):1276-1281

古滑坡一般是指全新世以前地质历史时期发生的滑坡。武都汉林沟流域发育有第四纪晚更新世以来不同时期的滑坡,具有规模大、数量多的特点,为武都白龙江中游滑坡发育历史研究提供了典型实例。通过滑坡体的形貌、结构特征、与其他地层的接触关系分析,确定古滑坡的存在。同时也发现古滑坡曾堵塞汉林沟形成堰塞湖,并压埋了许多古树木,古滑体中残留...  相似文献   

达陕高速金竹山隧道涌水塌方的综合处治研究     

李永江  江勇顺  王琪  李晓洪  孟陆波 《地质灾害与环境保护》2011,22(4):25-28

在调查隧道K64 +664～ K64+ 674段涌水塌方特征的基础上,从地质结构和地层岩性分析其成因.相应地,建立综合工作程序,采用”超前双排长管棚+小导管+注浆+三台阶法施工+瓦斯监测”的综合方案.对灾害进行处治,效果明显.  相似文献   

北京大兴规划新城地面沉降研究     

郭萌  陈刚  黄骁  王文霞  郑小燕 《城市地质》2011,6(1):17-21

本文分析研究了大兴规划新城地面沉降发育特点、成因机理及影响因素,建立模型预测了地面沉降发展趋势,为未来新城建设规划以及地质灾害防治,提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

Tracing the position of the South China block in Gondwana: U–Pb ages and Hf isotopes of Devonian detrital zircons     

Liang Duan  Qing-Ren Meng  Cheng-Li Zhang  Xiao-Ming Liu 《Gondwana Research》2011,19(1):141-149

U–Pb detrital zircon geochronology from Lower Devonian quartz arenites of the northwestern margin of the Yangtze block yields dominant early Neoproterozoic (0.85–1.0 Ga), Pan-African (0.5–0.65 Ga) and middle Neoproterozoic (0.68–0.8 Ga) age populations and minor Mesoproterozoic to middle Mesoarchean (1.0–3.0 Ga) ages. Middle Mesoarchean to Mesoproterozoic rocks, however, are widespread in the South China block. Although Hf isotopic compositions show both juvenile crustal growth and crustal reworking for all the age groupings, the crust growth, essentially mantle-derived, occurred mainly around 3.1 Ga, 1.9 Ga and 1.0 Ga, respectively. Zircon typology and youngest grain ages indicate that this suite of quartz arenites was the product of multiphase reworking. Abundant magmatic zircon detritus with concordant U–Pb Grenvillian and Pan-African ages, together with accompanying various ε_Hf(t) values, indicate an exotic provenance for the quartz arenite external to the South China block. Qualitative comparisons of age spectra for the late Neoproterozoic sediments of the Cathaysian Block, early Paleozoic sediments of pre-rift Tethyan Himalaya sequence in North India and lower Paleozoic sandstone from the Perth Basin in West Australia, show that they all have two the largest age clusters representing Grenvillian and Pan-African orogenic episodes. The resemblance of these age spectra and zircon typology suggests that the most likely source for the Lower Devonian quartz arenites of the South China block was the East African Orogen and Kuunga Orogen for their early Grenvillian and Pan-African populations, whereas the Hannan–Panxi arc, Jiangnan orogen, and the Yangtze block basements might have contributed to the detrital zircon grains of the Neoproterozoic and Pre-Grenvillian ages. Hf isotopic data indicate that the crustal evolution of the drainage area matches well with the episodic crust generation of Gondwana. These results imply that the previously suggested position of the SCB in Gondwana should be re-evaluated, and the South China block should be linked with North India and West Australia as a part of East Gondwana during the assembly of Gondwana, rather than a discrete continent block in the paleo-Pacific.  相似文献